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Homepage > Academics > Library > Find Research Tools > Help for Citations > APA Formats > Email APA
Emails, nonarchived discussion groups, letters, memos, telephone conversations, and personal interviews are considered personal communications in APA. This type of communication can be difficult to provide recoverable data; therefore, these types of communication are not included in the Reference list. Cite personal communications within the body of your paper only.
Example:
(J. A. Smith, personal communication, January 3, 2007)
J. A. Smith (personal communication, January 3, 2007)
Author:
Provide the first and middle initials as well as the last name of the author, followed by a comma -J. A. Smith,
Personal Communciation: The type of communication to alert the reader followed by a comma - personal communication,
Date:
The date the communication took place (or as close as possible) - January 3, 2007
Note: For more information about personal communciations, see page 214 in the 5th edition of the APA manual.
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