Campus Recreation

CV Disease

For Use with
American College of Sports Medicine (ACSM)
Risk Stratification.

Risk Factors	Defining Criteria
Positive (bad)
Family History	Myocardial infarction. Sudden death before 55 years of age in father or other male first-degree relative (i.e. brother or son). Sudden death before 65 years of age in mother or other female first-degree relative (i.e. sister or daughter).
Cigarette Smoking	Current cigarette smoker. Those who quit within the previous 6 months.
Hypertension	Systolic blood pressure of ≥ 140 mmHg of diastolic >90 confirmed by two or more measurements. Currently taking antihypertensive measurements.
Hypercholesterolemia	Total serum cholesterol of ≥200 mg/dL or HDL cholesterol ≤35 mg/dL. Currently taking lipid-lowering medication. LDL cholesterol ≥130 mg/dL.
Impaired fasting glucose	Fasting blood glucose ≥110 mg/dL confirmed by measurements on at least two or more occasions.
Obesity	Body Mass Index (BMI) ≥ 30kg/m2 Waist girth ≥ 100 cm
Sedentary Lifestyle	Persons not participating in a regular exercise program or meeting the minimal physical activity recommendations from the U.S. Surgeon General's report.
Negative (good)
High Serum HDL cholesterol	≥ 60 mg/dL.

Initial ACSM Risk Stratifications:

Low Risk:
- Younger individuals who are asymptomatic and meet no more than one risk factor threshold from the previous table.

Moderate Risk:
- Older individuals (men ≥45 years of age, women ≥55 years of age) or those who meet the threshold for two or more risk factors from the previous table.

High Risk:
- Individuals with one or more signs/symptoms of cardiovascular disease (from the following list) or have been diagnosed with cardiovascular, pulmonary, or metabolic (diabetes) disease.

Major signs or symptoms suggestive of cardiovascular and pulmonary disease.

Pain, discomfort (or other anginal equivalent) in the chest, neck, jaw, arms, or other areas that may be due to ischemia.
Shortness of breath at rest or with mild exertion.
Dizziness or fainting.
Difficulty breathing when lying down.
Ankle edema (swelling).
Palpitations or tachycardia (racing heart).
Excessive pain in the extremities during exercise.
Known heart murmur.
Unusual fatigue or shortness of breath with usual activities.

Recommendations for current medical examination and exercise testing prior to participation and physician supervision of exercise tests.